A hybrid phase demodulation structure combining a 3 × 3 coupler and Sagnac interferometer is proposed to improve the spatial resolution and phase demodulation performance of the phase-sensitive ...

Light Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS Complex modulation of optical fields (i.e., the control of light’s amplitude and phase) is vital to the ...

Have you ever found yourself staring at a blank page, trying to organize a complex idea or process, but not knowing where to start? Whether it’s mapping out a workflow, designing an organizational ...

In his book The Mathematical Universe, mathematician William Dunham wrote of John Venn’s namesake legacy, the Venn diagram, “No one in the long history of mathematics ever became better known for less ...

Overmodulation techniques are used to improve dc bus voltage utilization for three-phase voltage-source converters (VSCs), resulting in significant reduction in fundamental voltage gain. Conventional ...

Emerging, data-intensive technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning are gaining popularity. Data centers, which act as the essential infrastructure for these technologies, need to ...

One of the most important tools, and perhaps one of the most confusing tools, for metallurgists is the binary phase diagram. A binary phase diagram plots the composition, expressed as a percentage of ...

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...

Jane Richardson never considered herself an artist. Then, in the late 1970s, the structural biologist found herself in need of some colored pencils, pastels and sketching paper. Richardson, a ...