Our EPA technique emphasizes complete scar excision, while maintaining the vascular integrity of the spongiosum. Though EPA failure is rare, it is our belief that many failures are caused by ...

Spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) causes a loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem. It mainly affects facial and swallowing muscles and the muscles in the arms and legs.

Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA) is an X-linked adult-onset progressive neuromuscular disease that affects the spinal and bulbar motor neurons and skeletal muscles. SBMA is caused by ...

Urethroplasty was complication-free in 89.5% of cases ... One more important issue is the reconstruction of the bulbar urethra. The urinary stream is strongest at the bulbar segment, which therefore ...