Science Sleep: men and women do not sleep the same way The sleep patterns of men and women differ not only in duration but also in quality-it is important to take this into account when conducting ...

In April 2024, the White House launched a challenge to scientists: establish a lunar time standard in view of a growing international presence on the Moon and potential human bases as part of NASA’s ...

It is clear that the species best suited to the unique habitat of islands are those who exhibit either dwarfism or gigantism. Homo floresiensis and some of the strangely sized animals that lived in ...

The bloodless state of Greece today can be traced back to 432 BC, when Sparta rose up against Athens’ dominance and plunged the Hellenic cities into a conflict that lasted for nearly 30 years.

From the time of the Renaissance forward, these fortresses were renovated into elegant mansions complete with gardens, turrets, and other architectural flourishes. The Latin “castellum” refers to a ...

The legendary knight El Cid (“The Lord”) or El Campeador (“The Valiant”), Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar devoted his life to war and passed away on July 10, 1099. Despite his later reputation as a champion for ...

The Merovingian dynasty was the first Frankish line of kings who ruled in Western Europe from AD 476 to 752. Dynasty of Frankish kings descending from Merovech, the Merovingians ruled over Gaul until ...

Beginning in the middle of the 12th century, the Christian kingdoms began their advance, only to run across yet another Berber dynasty in the form of the Almohads. After their loss at Las Navas de ...

The Reign of Terror, The bloody chapter of the French Revolution, led by Robespierre and the Jacobins, was an extremely violent time in the French Revolution. All those who opposed the current ...

“The love of glory is like the bridge that Satan throws over the chaos, to pass from hell to heaven.” Napoleon at St. Helena. Longwood House. One of the best Napoleonic Museum in the world. On March ...

When Charlemagne died in 814, his son, Louis the Pious, succeeded him on the throne. After his death, the Treaty of Verdun confirmed the division of the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms.

Alfred Nobel was a Swedish inventor, scientist, and philanthropist. He is best known for inventing dynamite and for establishing the Nobel Prizes. The invention of dynamite, which has practical and ...