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The city was built above a ravine, named Gravina of Matera, and is known as "Sassi di Matera", with 'sassi' translating to stones in Italian. The Sassi di Matera are a series of ancient cave ...

[3] Matera became a byword for poverty, infant mortality and medieval levels of disease. Residents of the old city – called the Sassi, from the Italian word for stone – were hurriedly ...